Heavy Machinery Component Glossary & Terminology

Understanding the function and location of critical components is key to successful engine maintenance. Here are 10 essential terms:

• 1. Injector: Delivers atomized fuel into the combustion chamber.
  Example: Found in the cylinder head of a Cummins QSB6.7 Injector.

• 2. Connecting Rod: Links the piston to the crankshaft, converting linear motion into rotary motion.
  Example: Crucial component in the internal mechanism of a Komatsu PC200-8 Connecting Rod.

• 3. Turbocharger: Uses exhaust gas to spin a turbine, forcing more air into the engine's cylinders.
  Example: Mounted on the exhaust manifold of a Caterpillar 336D Turbocharger.

• 4. Water Pump: Circulates coolant through the engine block and radiator to regulate temperature.
  Example: Installed on the front of the block in an Isuzu 6BG1 Water Pump.

• 5. Cylinder Head: Sits atop the engine block, containing valves, spark plugs/injectors, and combustion chambers.
  Example: Essential for compression in a Kubota V2403 Cylinder Head.

• 6. Oil Pump: Moves engine oil under pressure to lubricate the moving parts.
  Example: Located low in the engine, often in the oil pan or front of the block, in a Yanmar 4TNV98 Oil Pump.

• 7. Flywheel Ring Gear: The toothed ring on the flywheel that engages with the starter motor.
  Example: Used for initial engine rotation in a Weichai WP10 Flywheel Ring Gear.

• 8. Piston Pin Bushing: A replaceable sleeve that supports the piston pin within the connecting rod.
  Example: Found in the small end of the connecting rod in a Cummins 6CT Piston Pin Bushing.

• 9. Crankshaft Seal: Prevents oil from leaking out where the crankshaft exits the engine block.
  Example: Typically located at the front or rear cover of the engine in a Komatsu D65EX Crankshaft Seal.

• 10. Fuel Transfer Pump: Moves fuel from the tank to the high-pressure injection pump.
  Example: A low-pressure component found on many Caterpillar C7 Fuel Transfer Pump applications.